Storage battery.



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Batteries; and I do hereby declare the *fol* lowing; to Abe afl'u ll, clear, and .exact description pf the invention, suoli as Willen-able others skilled in the art to which itappertains `to make and use the same, ',lhis invention relates to electric aeeuinu laters or storage battery sells; and its ob jeets, generallyspeaking, are to perfect a oonstruetion which will seeu re certain' highly-desirable results in connection with the praetical use and operation thereof. i `,ll/,lore in detail, one object of the invention is toieonstruet a cell the` plates oiE which Aare so arranged to secure a high degree oi" iinniunityffroni short eirouits and at the salue time `aneeonoiny in space used-that` is, the plates are so formed as to recpiirethe least excess in the length of the jar over the length ofthe plates and are located therein in such manner that. the opportunity lorthe accu muh-iti on of `loosened active material between the edges of the plates and the oud wallsof tlierjar and of short-eireuiting through the bridging` across from plate to plateof sueh'ael euinulated "material is red ueed to a niininium.

lAnother object of the invention is to provide a eonneetingstrap between platesof op posite polarity in adjoiniu` ia-rs which will ab low the 'jars to beplaeed in close proximity to eac-,h other and at the saule time success iullfv support the plate attached thereto from their upper edges Without increase in the size of theeontainingfiar.

ltnother objeet o'lE the inventionisto pro-` vide means [or supporting the plates 'entirely from their upper portions,` thus doing,` awa-v latedY sediment from with the objectionable ribs on thebottonis of the jars now generally in use,` and torso ar# range the supporting means that the reniova'l of the plates, the?elf iotroly'te,` and. accumu the jar when necessary isjfliaeilitated; V

*To the aeeoinplislunent oi" these obieets` and such others as may `liereinafterap pear, the invention `coniprises the arrangement and combinations otrparts, hereinafter described, and set forth in the elainis, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, shlowling the preferred embodiment thereof, in Wne1-- Spec'ieaton of ietters Patent. Application ned reentry it. 1905.` sein no. 2115.605.

l WILLIAM H. PALMER, JR., oF Nrn/vrome. Nir.

Y STORAGE @ge/arrest..v

I Patented rapen eieoe.

Figure l. is a plan view of a batterywell with portions oi other cells at eaeli end thereol Forming' a series, the oevers of suoli ealls beineremoved. Fig. 2 .is an elevational longitudinal sectional ew on line 2 of Fig. l,

.tionalview through the center of a cell.

Referring to the drawings, 1 denotes a contai ning-j a r, which may be of any suitable material, as vuleanite. ln this jar are disposed a series oi plates of opposite polarity, which are ern-tnged alternately, Ias here shown, the positive plates being,n numbered 2 and the negative. plates 3. The group of positive plates 2 are connected in any suitab e main edges with a coniieetingestrap e at one end of the jar, and in a similar :manner the negative plates 3 are oonneeted, through lugs 3", to a 'connesting-strap 5 atthe other end of the jar. Between each of the plates I prefer to use a separator o, which maybe of' any torni, as an iniperforate porous sheet or a perforate non-porous sheet, extending,r substantially the full lengrth of the jar; but goed results may be obtained with this iinprovederrange .ment of plates Without the use of sepan ters. These plates may be of any desired size and nuinber, and the dimensions ol the positive plates may rlii'l'f"""iro1n those of thenegative plates; but itfis preferable'toineke all the plates oll substantiallxT equal length and the negative platesol' somewhat greater depth than the positive plates All plates of the saine polarlity are arranged with their side This arrangement of the plates may be obtained by the selection of their size with relation to the containing-jar-that is, the prelerrefl length ol the plates should be equal to the length ol the jar `minus thethiekness of i one of the, connecting-straps minus a suitable Clearance.A Itis thus seen that when the plates of one group are attac-hed to their oonneetingstrap and the strap is placed at one end of the ar the free ends of these plates extendsubstantially to the iaee or tbe conneeting-strap for the other group of plates located at the opposite end of the jar, and the plates oi each group extend from one end Wall ol the jar lengthwise thereof substantially to a plane drawn through the inner 'face of the connecting-strap at the opposite end of the jar. Such an arrangement provides `for the staggering of the side edges of the plates edges substantially in line; but the edges. oll plates ol unlike polarity are staggered.

vand Fig. 3 is an elevational transverse seener. as b f hws 2 on `one end of their u 3 er IIO and plrovides relatively large spaces through 'l the cell; but under the present arrangement it will be noted that a considerable portion of the separatingeplate must be broken oif, which is unlikely to occur, before any loosened activamaterial can bridge across bemanner.

tween the side edges of the two plates, and,- furthermore, even if such breakage occur the staggering of the plates form such a large s` ace to be bridged over that it is not likely tliat'a 4short circuit could be formed in this Moreovenunder the new arrangement of plates it is impossible for short circuits to occur as the result of aslight shifting of the separators or a merc chipping of their edges. The reason for constructing one group of plates of greater depth than the other, so that the bottom edges of the plates are staggered, is 4a similar one that is, to obviate as far as possible the likelihood of short circuits occurring within the cell.

It has been usual heretofore in the practice of making storagebattery cells to use a oonnccting-strap between the two groups of plates, but to support them within the cell by means of ribs usually `cast across the bottom of the cell, as shown at 7 in Fig. `2. This practice is open to two objections, the first being that some forms of positive plates increase in size with age-that is to say, they growwand it is therefore desirable to hang ,i suchplates in the cells rather than to rest them on ribs in the bottom thereof, so that g they may be free to grow without disarranging the connecting-straps by pushing theml upward, and thc second objection is that ribs in the bottom of a cell form a lodging-place for loosened active material, and by dividing the bottom portion of the cell in sections they Ainterfere with the removal of sediment and of the electrolyte. vSome negative platcsialso will give better results if hung and not supported en ribs. ln the present instance the two groups of plates are hung in the cell in the following manner.- -The connectingstraps 4 and 5 for the positive-and negative plates, respectively, are preferably formed with a ll.J'-`sectii n, which isinverted and slipped over the two end walls of adiacenti jars, the base of the U resting directly -upon the top surfaces of these end walls; and the c innecting-straps are thus utilized -also supportiugetraps, as in this position they will support the weight. of the plates `attached i -to thorn. It is found desirable to use some means for securing an even bearing for these supportingstraps on the edges of the jars, and to this end it is referable to use a pad A8, of elastic or yielding material, in'- terposed betweenl the strap and the i jar. In order to more evenly balance the straps,

the same have plates attached to both sides thereof-that is, taking the case of strap 4, it will be noted that positive plates for the central jar (shown in the figures) are attached to one side of it, and negative plates for the jar at the left of the figures are attached to the other side of it, it supporting both these grou s of plates by resting on the end walls of t e two jars, as heretofore explained. Similarly in the case of strap 5 the negative plates ofthe central jar are attached to one ofits sides and the positive plates of the righthand jar are attached to its other side. Since it is only the positive plates which grow, it is sometimes found desirable to suspend only the positive plates, the negative plates resting directly on the bottom of the cells or on ribs formed therein, as shown by 7, and when this is done the positive plates in a jar may be supported or suspended by such newa-v tive plates in an adjacent jar, 'through t e medium of the combined connecting and supporting strap 4, without having recourse to the upper er ge of the wall of .the jar a supporting means, or, further, the positive plates may be supported in plates and in part by t e wall of the By such an arrangement and. owing touthe selected length of the plates, as heretofore eX- plainei it is seen that by lifting any, o'ne connecting-strap the positive plates eigene jar and negative plates of an adjacent jar may be both withdrawnv from theelejotrolyte for any desired purpose without distui lling any other group ofplates or severing'- any con necting-strap. lhis `is a distinct advantage in removing plates for ins ection or repair, and if the p ates are former and connected in Vthe manner described the desired end is acconiplis'hed without unnecessary waste of space either in the containingj or between tieni and with as little complication and vmultiplication 'of parts as is practicable.

When the plates are light or relatively short,

horizontal suspension by one upper corner,v

through thev means ust described, is suflicient but when the plates are heavy and long it is freferable to give them some mutual or auXi lary support. To this end each of the `positive plates is provided at or near its free end with a hooked lug 9, and in a similar part by lsuch negative lfniay necessary to su he auxiliary means just described; but

a eell and t eplates are of` such ns'tiuetion `of `mutual support pro? apartieularly simple and e'llioient a1'.-

tto thisend. zIt is desirable that "insertioniof a Atube 'of fair size by i vliieh th'eeleotrolyte and-iaeeufniuf sedi'riient inaylfroin time to tiiiiebe yi n oil'ythe strengtlifof the eleetrolytebethe "adjusted andthe solution replaeed.

eringof the plates heretoforeA ade- -strap ACovering the positive ou kof `each batteri/Jeanreadily j e s iortfto il We a'spa'ee in ytwo corners of the lie insertion of eleaning-tubes 13,111`- bfjtlie straps fl connecting the negative si as here shown;` must 'of neeessity ex.- dthe`-fulll`ividtliofthe eell.1 In order to f irtlieraidn "su Aportirigfthe plates, when ended' by `t e? means heretofore y de- Yrid iiireventu the, straps at` the Mend'sof` .lllr uibeing drawn together by the Weight t o leitesishouldtherebesuehatendnoy, r`eeriifouiul`desirable to insert between some soit ol a disti'inee-pieee orgbraee nstruofted to lit snuglyl in the space bep `fthein, Wliiehbra'oe may 'be also inade geenough toheicteiid across theeell, acting eovei' and serving to elose it froinithe en-L ofdirt andotherforeign.matterl i Whiehthis `invention appertains that eerd inlfeatures of eonstruetion hereindeseribed `iefst"valuable inA veonneetion With plates purelead of Whatlisleoininonlyknown as the type ofplatei; buttheinvention Plante part thereof to any partieular type or W ignoipl'ates, i y i f I s, ot desireduto` be understood that tliein- Ventron is li in it ed to the details of construction and arrangeinentiof parts as here in described l :11i ill" strated, `as it isnianifest lthat nuinenlvfiliations.and inodilieatipns may be t inthe adaptation ol" the. deviee to orulitions offuse Vwithout departing;r ni l1 spirit and seopethereof, llhe night isyth `re reserved l toeillA suoli variations 6o aint in dilieationswhirli l opei'lyeiiallWithin ooi follhwing i'laiins. .l claim i A storni-(ebattery cell comprising' a eonfi 5 taziiingjar, a'sei'ies of positive and negative portone of the hen "tisdesiredto sus end both the groups Ws this tobe donef," as the yeonneet# ill 'li ohviousto those skilled rinthe liiiiited in the `use 'of its Construction orl ps atesby this auxi iary nieans and, n" `t et er. `Where,`for exariiple, the neg-f` lates restV upon ,the ribs 7,it' obvi-' l tsuohgroups need not beprovded` tor require supportjat both. 'Corners l, e shouldbe .so arranged inthe cell 'e may lie left in the eorners ofthe iii the features of eonstruetiol'iand ar eiitioniaiulltheiternis ot i infi additional support. for eaeli grou p1r bv plates alternately disposedtherein, the `tivo groups supported from opposite ends ofthe f jar, andrneans at the upper edges of the plateseonstrueted to provide additionali'nu`- tual suiliportiiig nieans,substantiallyY as :deseribed.... i

" ``2. A storage-battery cell comprising a con- 'plate and a Ibar. resting on the plates beneath 3. A storage-battery eell Comprising a oonl tainingrjar, a series olpo'sitive` and negative plates,V alternately arranged thereiin?` the two groups supported from oppositeends oi"rv the jar, alhooked lugon the upper edgeofeaoli plate near its Afreey endaild 3a bar restingon the platesebeneatli eaeh ol the ofdugs thus formed, substantially as described;y

4.o Astorage-'ba-ttery cell-eoinprising a ooni i tainjing-jar La series ol"A positive VandA negative plates alternately disposed tlieieiinnieziiis ior supporting the plat-esolieaehi groupindependeiltly of, the other, and means `for securl ot ier group, substantially as deseribedz 5. A storage-battery Cell ooini'irisingl a 4coutaining-jar, a series-of positive vand negative plates `alternately disposed therein, means at one end of thegroup o fpositive plates and at theopposite end oli-the4 group fof negative. plates' Forsuppoi'ting` each groupindepende ently'of the other and ineans at the free ends of the plates of each. group i'oiiseeuring inutual support,` substantially asdeseribed. j

Y 6l `In -a storage-battery cell ooi'nprising a eontainingfj ai.1 and a plurality oi positive and negative plates alternately disposed therein, means at one "end oi' the group of positive plates and `at theopposite end of the groupv of negative plates lfor suspending eiaeli grou p independently of tlie otherl and means at the iireefends of theplates oit the positivegroup `adapted to eausetliein to be further support-r the IOC

lIO

ed bytlieinegative group, substantially as described f7. 1n a` stotjagerbatteiv' eell comprising a containing-.jar land a series olt posi-tivdand negative plates alternatelydisposed therein7 means .fori connecting. and suspending,rthe posi ve plates' consistingr oi a combined oon 'neeting iirndf suspending" strap' attached to said positive plates aty their upper edges and' constructed to rest upon :ind be supported by thefwall of the `Containing-Jai' and. avever constructed to lit against "the said *apiind seeureri imposition, substiin a de l5. `S ries els'toiageibatteryreelle, ich comprising a containing-jar and a series or' positive and negative plates alternately dis posed therein, (-.oinhined eonneetihg' and supporting straps between the group of `positive plates in 'one cell and the group of negative plates in an adjacent cell, and a distance-l piece or brace between each substantially as described.

9. A series of two or more storage-battery cells each comprising a containing-j ar and a pair of straps,

plurality: of positive and negative plates aly ,ternately disposed therein; a combined connecting and suspending strap constructed to rest upon the end walls oi' two adjacent jars and the positive plates in the one Jar and the negative platesin the adjacent jar attached to and suspended from the said strapby their respective upper edges and means forsecuring an even bearing for the said stra bel tween it and the jar-Walls, substantial y as escribed.

10. In a series of two or more storage-bat-y and a pad of yielding material for forming an even bearing for said strap between the said strap and the'jar-Walls, substantially as described. 4

11., A vstorage-battery cell comprising a containing-jar, a series of plates of opposite polarity alternately arranged therein, the

side edges of the plates ol' onepolarity being staggered with relation to the side edges of `the plates ofthe other polarity, means of supporting each group of plates from opposite ends ofthe jana hooked lug on the. upper edge of each plate, and a bar resting across the plates beneath each of the series oi' hooked lugs thus formed, substantially asdescribed.

12. A storage-battery cell comprising a containing-j ar, a series of positive and negative plates alternately arranged therein, both the bottom and side edges of the lates of one polarity being staggered with re ation to the corresponding edges of the plates of the other polarity, means for supporting each group lates from opposite ends of the jar, a hoo ed iig on the upper ed e of each plate, and a bar.

resting across the p ates beneath each of the series of hooked lugs thus formed, substantially as described.

13. A storage-battery cell comprising a containing-jar, a series of plates ofL opposite polarity alternately arranged therein, the side edges of the lates of onepolarity'being staggeredwithr (ation tothe corres onding edges of the plat'esor' ,the other Vpo arity, a combined connecting and supporting strap `for the positive plates at one end of the Jar, a

combined connecting and supporting strap for thenegative plates at the o p er end ofthe' 'y jar, means at the free ends of the lates for mutually sup orting each other, t e lengthof each plate eing equal to the length of the jar, minus vthe thickness of one stra and minus a'suitable clearance, substantialy as described. n

' 14. A storage-battery 'cell com rising a containing-jar, a series of plates polarity alternately arranged therein, both the side and bottom edges ofthe lates of one polarity being staggered with re ationV to the corresponding edges of the plates of theother olarity, acombined connecting and supporting strap for the positive plates at one end of opposite Y the jar, a combined connecting and supporting strap for the negative lates at the other end of the jar, means at t e free ends of the plates for mutually supporting each other,

the length of each plate being equal to the i.

length of the. j ar minus the thickness of one ch the positive plates are connected by their upper edges constituting suspending means forsaid positive plates, and the length of each yplate equal to the length of the jar, minus the'thickness of one stra and minus a suitable clearance, substantie as described.

16. A storage-battery cell comprising a containing-j ar, a series of positive and negative plates alternately disposed therein, both the side and bottom edges of the negative plates being sta gered with relation to the corresponding e ges of the positive plates, a connecting-strap for the negative plates at one end of the jar, a combined connecting and supporting stra for the positive plates at the other end of t e jar to which the posi- .tive plates are connected by their upper edges tive'platesalternately disposed therein, the'.

side edges of the positive plates being staggered with relation to the corresponding edges of the negativeplates, a connecting-strap for the negative plates at one end of tlie jar,l a

combined connecting Iand sup orting strap Jfor the positive plates at the ot er end of the jar constituting suspending means for saidA IIO IIS

. aimee positive platee, e heeled lug on the free ends ef each positive platte engaging with e ber plueed across the negative plates, the length ol' eeeb plate being eque] te the length of the jai' minne` the tliieknees of one strep and ininlm n suitable elenmnee, substentielly asl described.

its'. A siorne'ebuttery eell comprising u eonteiningjnl', :i sei'iee of positive end neg-:L- tivo plates alternately disposed therein, both the bottoni sind side edges of the positive plates being' Stziggered wil-l1 relation to the eoii'espomling edges olE the negative plates, u. eonnexiting-strep lol' the negative plates :it one end of' tbe jni') :t combined connecting and supportingr six-np foi' the positive plates` :it tbe other end ef tbe jai' eonstitutingr SUS- )ending` menne lor seid positive plates, zt

Y looked lng' on tlle l`1ee end oi enel] positive platte engnging with n bei* placed :ieross the negative pluies, the length oi ezteh plete being eqnzll to the length ol the pn* nnnu` the thickness of ene strep and minus a Suitable eleeiifinlee, substantially es described.

1Q. Aseie-s oi two er more storage-battery eells eaell comprising a` eontaining-jm sind :L plui'nlitg,T of' positive end negative plates alternately disposed therein; means for eonneetinga and snepending the negative plates 1n eneeell und t-lle positive plates in :in adjacent eell insisting of n combined (rennen-ing andr SuspendingI stl-:ip eo1`1;-:truetiul to rest Upon the end 'walls et the jaws and etmebed to and suspemlingiV the Said nega-tive plates in the one jm' end the said positive plates in the iid jacent jail' by their i'espeetive upper edges, Substantially as described.

ln testimony wln-xieof l alli); my Signature in pieeenee of two witnessses.

WllililAM ll. PALMER, Jn.

"W i tn essen: i

t il. l?. C. Buowizn,

HUMAN llnwAnD. 

